{"id":28491,"date":"2016-12-05T18:18:34","date_gmt":"2016-12-05T15:18:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/old-smolensk.ru\/?p=28491"},"modified":"2016-12-07T09:41:46","modified_gmt":"2016-12-07T06:41:46","slug":"jerzy-czajewski-fortalitium-sigismundanum-ili-korolevskij-bastion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/old-smolensk.ru\/?p=28491","title":{"rendered":"Jerzy Czajewski: Fortalitium Sigismundanum \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0411\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043e\u043d."},"content":{"rendered":"

Fortified Places. Jerzy Czajewski, Smolensk<\/strong>
\n\"jerzy-czajewski-fortalitium-sigismundanum_fortified-places-smolensk\"<\/a><\/span>\u00abThis fort was known as Sigmund Fort (Fortalitium Sigismundanum) to the Poles or Royal Bastion (Korolievskij Bastion) to the Russians.\u00bb.
\n<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438:
\n<\/span>\u0421\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u0443\u043c<\/a> > 1150 >:
\n<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0 > \u0421\u0442\u0440. 1 > Doctor333, 09 \u044f\u043d\u0432 2011, 04:53<\/a>:
\n<\/span>\u00ab… \u041e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430 Jurek – \u0427\u0418\u0422\u0410\u0422\u042c \u0412\u0421\u0415\u041c \u2026 http:\/\/www.fortified-places.com\/smolensk\/<\/a> \u00a0“…The fortification is a classic example of an early Dutch pentagonal bastioned fort that in Russia. Most of the other fortifications of this kind in Europe did not last so long. Turin and Antwerp’s citadels, which were a template for the Smolensk one, do not exist any more…\u00bb.
\n<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0 > \u0421\u0442\u0440.3 >\u00a0PetrovichOld , 07 \u0430\u043f\u0440 2011, 20:17<\/a>:
\n<\/span>\u00ab\u041d\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430.
\n<\/span>http:\/\/www.fortified-places.com\/smolensk<\/a>;
\n<\/span>Google-\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434:<\/strong><\/span><\/em> http:\/\/translate.google.com\/translate?j … 2F&act=url<\/a>\u00bb.<\/span>
\n<\/span>.<\/span>
\n\"jerzy-czajewski-smolensk-citadel-fragm_smolensk-forum-ws-gudin\"<\/a>\u00a0\u0421\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u0443\u043c<\/a> > \u0412\u0435\u0445\u0438 > \u0413\u0434\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0437\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b \u0413\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d?\u00a0> \u0421\u0442\u0440. 19 > \u00a0<\/span>\u041d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439, <\/a> 02 \u043e\u043a\u0442 2010, 10:01
\n<\/a>\u00ab\u0412\u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c<\/a> \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e Jerzy Czajewski (\u0438\u0437 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438?) \u043e \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0446\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f “was known as \u2026 Royal Bastion (Korolievskij Bastion) to the Russians” …<\/span>
\n\u041e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u044e \u2013 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f, \u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u0441 15-\u044e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044e\u0440 XVII \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e. …\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u0421\u043c. \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435:
\n<\/span>\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0449\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043e \u0431\u043e\u044f\u0445 1812 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430?<\/a>
\n<\/a>\u0417\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430 16(4\u0441\u0442.\u0441\u0442.) \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 1812\u0433.<\/a>,\u00a006 \u0430\u043f\u0440 \u2013 16 \u0430\u0432\u0433 2012.
\n<\/span>galik_123: \u041b\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u0434. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.
\n<\/a><\/span>\u041b\u0435\u0432 \u041a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u201c\u0421\u043c\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u201d: \u0421\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u201c\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u201d. 5 \u0443\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043e\u043d.
\n<\/a><\/span>\u041c\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0410\u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430: \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043e\u043d \u0432 \u041b\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0430\u0434\u0443 \u0421\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430.
\n<\/a><\/span>\u0422\u0430\u043a \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435-\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0421\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430 1812 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430?
\n<\/a><\/span>\u0413. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u041c. \u0418\u0432\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d: \u041a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b.
\n<\/a><\/span>\u0421\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u0443\u043c \u2013 1150: \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043e\u043d.
\n<\/a><\/span>\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0437\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b \u0413\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d?<\/a><\/span>,\u00a0\u0441\u0442\u0440.19, 02 \u043e\u043a\u0442 2010, 10:01.
\n<\/span><\/span>\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0421\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a\u0443<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fortified Places. Jerzy Czajewski, Smolensk \u00abThis fort was known as Sigmund Fort (Fortalitium Sigismundanum) to the Poles or Royal Bastion (Korolievskij Bastion) to the Russians.\u00bb. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438: \u0421\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u0443\u043c > 1150 >: \u00a0 \u00a0 > \u0421\u0442\u0440. 1 > Doctor333, 09 \u044f\u043d\u0432 2011, 04:53: \u00ab… \u041e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430 Jurek – \u0427\u0418\u0422\u0410\u0422\u042c \u0412\u0421\u0415\u041c \u2026 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,18,24,39,47,65,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-rubric-500years_moscow","category-rubric-maps1812","category-rubric-engravings","category-rubric-fortress","category-rubric-okn","category-smolensk-v-rp-vkl-1611-1654-gg","category-rubric_nestors"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/old-smolensk.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28491","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/old-smolensk.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/old-smolensk.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old-smolensk.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old-smolensk.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=28491"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/old-smolensk.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28491\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28500,"href":"https:\/\/old-smolensk.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28491\/revisions\/28500"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/old-smolensk.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=28491"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old-smolensk.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=28491"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old-smolensk.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=28491"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}